Apa ref gfjmr

Ganpat University-Faculty of Management Studies
Journal of Management & Research (GFJMR)
Referencing Guideline for Contributors
The “APA style” is a generic author-date style for citing and referencing information in assignments and publications. There are many styles which follow the author-date convention, including the Harvard style and the Chicago Manual of Style. This guide is based on the American Psychological Association’s Publication Manual, 5th edition. What is referencing?
Referencing is a standardised way of acknowledging the sources of information and ideas that you have used in your assignments and which allows the sources to be identified. Why reference?
Referencing is important to avoid plagiarism, to verify quotations and to enable readers to follow up what you have written and more fully understand the cited author’s work. Steps in referencing
• Record the full bibliographic details and relevant page numbers of the source from which information is taken. • Insert the citation at the appropriate place in the text of your document. • Include a reference list that includes all in-text citations at the end of your document. In-text citations
• In an author-date style, in-text citations usually require the name of the author(s) and the year of publication. • A page number is included if you have a direct quote, paraphrase a passage or you want to direct the reader to a specific page or idea. Page numbers may also be included if the you are referring to a long work and the page numbers might be useful to the reader. How to create a reference list/bibliography
• A reference list includes just the books, articles, and web pages etc that are cited in the text of the document. A bibliography includes all sources consulted for background or further reading. • A reference list is arranged alphabetically by author. If an item has no author, it is cited by title, and included in the alphabetical list using the first significant word of the title. • If you have more than one item with the same author, list the items chronologically, starting with the earliest publicatio n. • Each reference appears on a new line. • Each item in the reference list is required to have a hanging indent. Elements of the citation
Author(s) of book – family name and initials, use & for multiple authors. (Year of publication). Title of book – italicised. Place of Reference type In-text examples
Reference list example
Berkman, R. I. (1994). Find it fast: How to uncover expert information. New York: Harper Perrenial. Moir, A., & Jessel, D. (1991). Brain sex: the real difference between men and women. London: Mandarin. Always list the authors in the
order they appear in the
publication.
Johnson, L., Lewis, K., Peters, M., Harris, Y., Moreton, G., Morgan, B. et al. (2005). How far Is far? London: Cite just the last name of the first
When a work has more than six authors cite the surnames
author followed by et al. and year
& initials of the first six authors then follow with the
for the first and all other citations
abbreviation et al (followed by a full-stop).
The CCH Macquarie dictionary of business. (1993). North Cite in the text the first few words
of the title and the year.
Willmott, W.F . (2004). Rocks and landscapes of the national parks of Southern Queensland. Brisbane: Geological Society of Australia, Queensland Division. Willmott, W.F. (2006). Rocks and landscapes of the national parks of Central Queensland. Brisbane: Geological Society Order chronologically from earliest in the reference list
Dawkins, R. (1996a). Climbing Mount Improbable. London: Dawkins, R. (1996b). River Out of Eden. London: Phoenix. Order alphabetically by title in the Reference list.
Queensland Health. (2002). Best practice guidelines for the management of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents. DeHart, G. B., Alan Sroufe, L., & Cooper, R. G. (1995). Child development: Its nature and course (4th ed.). Boston: The edition statement is placed after the title of the work.
This is not necessary for a first edition.
Friedman, S. L., & Wachs, T. D. (Eds.). (1999). Measuring environment across the life span: Emerging methods and concepts. Washington, DC: American Psychological Everson, S. (Ed.). (1991). Psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge Simons, R. C. (1996). Boo!: Culture, experience and the startle reflex. Series in affective science. New York: Oxford Need to add in
series name
manually into
reference list.
Pettinger, R. (2002). Global organizations. Oxford: Capston Publishing. Available from NetLibrary database. When the link leads to how to access material rather than
material itself, use “Available from”.
NetLibrary in
Name of the
Database
Ylinen, J. (2008). Stretching therapy : for sport and manual therapies (J. Nurmenniemi, Trans.). translator
translator
Chapter in a book
Elements of the citation
Author(s) of chapter – family name and initials, use & for multiple authors. (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In Editor(s) – initials and family name - of book (Eds), Title of book – italicised, (pp. Page numbers). Publisher: Place of publication. EndNote and
Reference
In-text examples
Reference list example
RefWorks
(which reference
Baker, F. M., & Lightfoot, O. B. (1993). Psychiatric care of ethnic elders. In A. C. Gaw (Ed.), Culture, ethnicity, and mental Use the chapter authors, NOT
illness (pp. 517-552). Washington DC: American Psychiatric the editors of the book
Scott, D. (2005). Colonial governmentality. In J. X. Inda (Ed.) Anthropologies of modernity (pp.21-49). Retrieved from Wiley Manually add
page numbers
and italicise the
book title
Dictionary or Encyclopedia
Elements of the citation
Author(s) of work – family name and initials, use & for multiple authors. (Year of publication). Title – italicised. (Edition). Publisher: Reference type
In-text examples
Reference list example
EndNote and
RefWorks
(which reference
Wolman, B.B. (1989). Dictionary of behavioral science (2nd ed.). If multiple volumes, list after edition in brackets eg. (2nd ed.,
Vols. 1-5).
Journal Articles
Elements of the citation
Author(s) of journal article – family name and initials, use & for multiple authors. (Year of publication). Title of journal article. Journal name – italicised, Volume – italicised( Issue or number), Page number(s). EndNote Reference
Reference type
In-text examples Reference list example
Mellers, B. A. (2000). Choice and the relative pleasure of consequences. Psychological Bulletin, 50(2), 49-52. Schafer, J.L. & Kang, J. (2008). Average causal effects from nonrandomized studies: A practical guide and simulated example. Psychological Methods, 13, 279- Skenderian, J, Siegel, J. T., Crano, W.D., Alvaro, E.E. & Lac, A. (2008). Expectancy change and adolescents' intentions to use marijuana. Psychology of Addictive Galea, L.A., Uban, K. A., Epp, J.R., Brummelte, S., Barha, C.K., Wilson, W. L. et al. (2008). Endocrine regulation of cognition and neuroplasticity: Our Use only first
pursuit to unveil the complex interaction between author last
hormones, the brain, and behaviour. Canadian name then et al.,
Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue including for
canadienne de psychologie expérimentale, 62, 247- first time
citation used.
List the first six authors then use et al.
Williams, S. & Beattie, H. J. (in press). Problem based learning in the clinical setting – a systematic review. Put “in press” in year
Fletcher, David & Wagstaff, Christopher R. D. (2009). Organizational psychology in elite sport: Its emergence, application and future. Psychology of Sport and Remove any URL field
information
Add the DOI number
The volume number is in italics
to the “DOI” field
Shu-Cheng, Steve , Chi - Friedman, Raymond A. & Yang, Mei-Yu. (2009). Are supervisors fair mediators? The effects of personality traits and age Use the URL field and
difference on expected mediation fairness. Social enter either the URL
Behavior and Personality, 37(1), 59-118. Retrieved of the journal's
from http://www.swetswise.com/titleBank/ website (for
subscription journals),
or the full URL of the
article (for articles
available free on the
Richter, B., Bandeira Echtler, E., Bergerhoff, K., Clar, C., & Ebrahim, S.H. (2007, July 18). Rosiglitazone for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database of Needs to be modified
Systematic Reviews, 2007 (3), DOI: to include all
10.1002/14651858. CD006063.pub2. Retrieved information
August 11, 2008, from The Cochrane Library Shaw, J. (2003). Epidemiology and prevention of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. Medical Put “University of
journal of Australia, 179, 379-383. Retrieved Queensland Library
December 19, 2007, from University of Queensland E-Reserve” in URL
Need to add retrieval
date manually
Conference papers
Elements of the citation
Author(s) of paper – family name and initials, use & for multiple authors. (Year of publication). Title of paper. Title of published proceeding – italicised. Place of Publication: Publisher. EndNote and
Reference type
In-text examples Reference list example
RefWorks (which
reference type?)
Bohrer, S., Zielke, T., & Freiburg, V. (1995). Integrated obstacle detection framework for intelligent cruise Add “Detroit, MI:
control on motorways. Paper presented at IEEE Piscataway” to
Intelligent Vehicles Symposium. Detroit, MI: Conference Title field
Bowden, F.J. & Fairley, C.K. (1996, June). Endemic STDs in the Northern Territory: estimations of Add “scientific
effective rates of partner change. Paper presented at meeting of the Royal
Australian College of
the scientific meeting of the Royal Australian College Physicians, Darwin”
of Physicians, Darwin.
in the Conference
Name field
Add “1996, June” in
the Year field
Newspaper and magazine articles
Elements of the citation
Author(s) of article – family name and initials, use & for multiple authors. (Year of publication, month day). Title of article. Title of newspaper – italicised, p. page number(s). Reference type
In-text examples Reference list example
EndNote and
RefWorks (which
reference type?)
Cook, D. (2002, January 28). All in the mind. The Age, p. Newspaper article Meeting the needs of counsellors. (2001, May 5). The Marano, H.E. (2008, March-April). Making of a perfectionist. Psychology Today, 41, 80-86. Sandy, A. (2009, January 22).Cheaper to fly than hire a bike in Brisbane. The Courier Mail. Retrieved from http://www.news.com.au/couriermail/story/ Put date in Year field
eg. 2009, January 22
Government Publications
Elements of the citation
Author(s) of report – (person or organisation), use & for multiple authors. (Year of Publication). Title of report – italicised. Place of Reference type
In-text examples Reference list example
EndNote and
RefWorks (which
reference type?)
Queensland Health. (2005). Health Systems Review Final Report. Brisbane: Queensland Government. Elements of the citation for a thesis
Author of thesis – family name and initials. (Year of preparation of thesis). Title of thesis – italicised. (Award, Institution, Year). Reference type
In-text examples Reference list example
EndNote and
RefWorks (which
reference type?)
Axford, J.C. (2007). What constitutes success in Pacific island community conserved areas? (Doctoral dissertation, University of Queensland, 2007). http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:158747 Sheehan, L. R. (2007). Destination management organizations: A stakeholder perspective. Retrieved from Proquest Digital Dissertations. (AAT NR25719) Web-Pages
Elements of the citation
Author(s) of page – person or organisation, use & for multiple authors. (Year page created or revised). Title of page – italicised. Retrieved month day, year of retrieval, from web address. EndNote and RefWorks
Reference type
In-text examples
Reference list example
(which reference type?)
Atherton, J. (2005). Behaviour Modification. Retrieved http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/ Behaviour modification. (2007). Retrieved February 5, Use title instead of
author name
Society of Clinical Psychology. (n.d.) About Clinical Psychology. Retrieved January 28, 2009, from http://www.apa.org/divisions/div12/ aboutcp.html Queensland Health. (2008). Healthy start in life. http://www.health.qld.gov.au/ph/documents/ Degenhardt, L., Bohnert, K. M., & Anthony, J. C. (2008). Assessment of cocaine and other drug dependence in the general population: 'Gated' versus 'ungated' approaches. Drug and Alcohol (Kenardy & Piercy, Kenardy, J., & Piercy, J. A. (2006). Effect of information provision on trauma symptoms following therapeutic writing. Australian Psychologist, 41(3), 205-212. Retrieved from http://www.psychology.org.au/Journal.aspx?ID=1 Scarlet Fever Rash Picture [Image] (n.d.). Retrieved Add image to “Type of
http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/dermatlas/ medium” field
Other Internet Sources:
Elements of the citation
Author. (Year, month day). Title, [Type of media]. Date Accessed, Year Accessed, Web address Reference type
Reference list example
EndNote and RefWorks
examples
(which reference type?)
Al Zaabi, M. (Producer) & Bjarnesen, T. (Presenter). (2006, November 7). Diabetes in Add “Producer” and
the elderly [Podcast radio programme]. “Presenter” in manually
Not included in reference list, only cited in text. August 6, 2008) Or (L.J.Henderson, personal communication, February 5, Winther, M. (2009, January 14). The Unconscious is Spirit [Msg 1]. Message posted to Add “2009, January 14” to
Year field
Add “The Unconscious is
Spirit [Msg 1].” in
Secondary Title field
Add “Message posted to
http://groups.google.com.”
to Publisher field
Reville, L. (2006, September 5). Where to find fundraising ideas. Message posted to Add “2006, September 5”
to Year field
Add “Where to find
fundraising ideas” in
Secondary Title field
Add “Message posted to
http://nlrp.blogspot.com/ to
Publisher field
Email Discussion List – Web (Vuinovich, Vuinovich G. (2001, April 4). Report on malaria outbreak. Message post to HCMATTERS Add “2001, April 4” to
Year field
http://www.hcmatters.org/VirtualListserv_Arc Add “Report on malaria
outbreak” in Secondary
Title field
Add “Message posted to
HCMATTERS….” to
Publisher field
Brochures
Elements of the citation
Author. (Year). Title of brochure. [Brochure]. Place: Use author as publisher. Reference type
Reference list example
EndNote and
examples
RefWorks (which
reference type?)
University of Queensland, Student Services, Personal Counselling Program. (2000). Eating disorders Put “Author” in
publisher field.
Add [Brochure]
after title
manually
Lecture Notes
Elements of the citation
Name of author(s) or the institution responsible, use & for multiple authors. (Year of publication). Title and subtitle of publication – italicised, Name of institution, Location of institution. EndNote and
Reference type
In-text examples Reference list example
RefWorks (which
reference type?)
Johnson, A. (2008). Week three: Foucault [Powerpoint slides]. Unpublished manuscript, BESC1001, Add [Powerpoint
University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia. slides] manually
List name of city, state and country. Do not include
Add “manuscript”
state if listed in university name .
to Type of Work
Add “BESC1001,
University of
Queensland, St
Lucia, Australia” to
the Institution field
Johnson, A. (2008). Week three: Foucault [Powerpoint slides]. Retrieved from BESC1001, University of Add “Week three:
Foucault
[Powerpoint slides]
to title field
Add “BESC1001,
University of
Queensland
Blackboard Online:
http://www.elearnin
g.uq.edu.au/” to
URL field
Video or DVD
Elements of the citation
Title of video or DVD – italicised Year of publication, Format, Publisher, Place of recording. Reference type
In-text examples Reference list example
EndNote and
RefWorks (which
reference type?)
Spielberg, S. (Director), & Rodat, R. (Writer). (1998). Saving Private Ryan [Motion picture]. United States: In the Medium field,
put in Motion
Television programs
Elements of the citation
Writer name(s) (Writer). (Year, month day). [ Type of medium]. Place of broadcast: Who broadcast the program. Reference type
In-text examples Reference list example
EndNote and
RefWorks (which
reference type?)
Bryant, B. (Writer). (2001, September 12). The Bryant medical hour [Television broadcast]. Sydney, NSW: In Year field, add
2001, September 12
In the Medium field,
put in Television
broadcast
Indirect citation
An indirect citation is when the ideas of one author are published in another author’s text but you have not read or accessed the original author’s work. In the list of References provide the details of the author of the work you have read. Reference type
In-text examples Reference list example
EndNote and
RefWorks (which
reference type?)
Agrios, G.N. (2005). Plant pathology (5th ed.) Burlington, Massachusetts: Elsevier Academic Press. Use the relevant
Cite the source where you found the citation
reference for what
you are citing.
Include “cited in”
manually using
“Edit Citation”

Source: http://gfjmr.gnu.ac.in/UserFiles/File/RefGudline%20for%20GFJMR.pdf