the bird could have been migrating (http://www.kolkatabirds.com).
Bird Conservation Nepal (BCN), with support from other
Chinthaka Kaluthota reported the ringing of a Sand Martin
organisations like Britain’s Royal Society for the Protection of
Riparia riparia and White-cheeked Tern Sterna repressa at Bundala
Birds (RSPB) has opened a novel concept, a restaurant for
National Park, Sri Lanka, during a ringing session between 9th
vultures—known as Community Managed Jatayu Restaurant. Its
December 2008 and 14th December 2008 (http://
main objective is to provide safe food sources for vultures and
srilankabirds.blogspot.com). Jugal Tiwari reported 500 Crab
at the same time improve the livelihood of the local community
Plovers Dromas ardeola, 30 Sociable Lapwings Vanellus gregarius
through tourism promotion and other income generation
and seven Cream-coloured Coursers Cursorius cursor from
different parts of Gulf of Kutch in Gujarat during November
The project buys elderly or sick cows from farmers, looks
2008. (OrientalBirding). David Stanton reported 21 White-rumped
after them humanely and treats them, if necessary, with the
Vultures Gyps bengalensis near Beijnath, Kanga Valley, Himachal
safe drug, Meloxicam. Once a cow dies, one of the project
Pradesh on 21st September 2008 (OrientalBirding). Clement
staff, mainly villagers, wheels the carcass on a tricycle cart
Francis and others reported Rufous-tailed Shrike Lanius
into the vulture restaurant. The ‘restaurant’ is a big grassy
[isabellinus] phoenicuroides in December 2008 from Nandi Hills,
area surrounded by tall, fragrant sal trees. Only the cattle
Bangalore and later the same got reported from more localities
skeletons scattered around break the peaceful scene - and the
around Bangalore (Bngbirds). Sheshadri K. S. shared pictures
vultures nestled above. Nepali ornithologists have established
of Grey-breasted Laughingthrush Garrulax jerdoni meridionalis,
it as a place where vultures can eat healthily. Several villagers
which he photographed from the higher reaches of Kalakkad-
serve as volunteers on the project committee.
Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR) in Tamil Nadu, these
BCN now wants to open more ‘vulture restaurants’—and
being the first photos of the subspecies to be uploaded
scientists in India too are now showing keen interest in this
in OrientalBirdImages. (www.orientalbirdimages.org).
idea. (http://www.birdlifenepal.org.).
S. Chandrashekaran reported sighting nearly 200 vulturescomprising White-rumped, King Sarcogyps calvus and Egyptian
Neophron percnopterus feeding on carcasses of two feral buffaloesin Sathyamangalam forest division, Tamil Nadu, in December
The 2008 edition of ‘Rare birds yearbook’ was a success according
2008 (http://www.hindu.com). On 16th November 2008, P. P.
to reviews from all over the globe and on 15th November the
Sreenivasan reported the first breeding record of about ten
totally revised 2009 edition was published. It features 190
Painted Storks Mycteria leucocephala in Kerala (Thrissur district)
Critically Endangered—according to the latest IUCN redlist—
(KeralaBirder). P. C. Rajeevan and K. V. Uthaman photographed
Tufted Aythya fuligula and Ferruginous A. nyroca Duck at
Over 130 photos of the world’s rarest birds, taken by both
Katampally, Kannur on 2nd December 2008 (KeralaBirder). Adesh
amateur and professional photographers worldwide, have
Shivkar reported a Malabar Trogon Harpactes fasciatus (Fig. 1.)
been replaced since last year. A selection of a number of
in its northern most range at Vansda National Park in Gujarat.
endangered species, illustrated with nice photos, is presented
He also reported a male Rosy Minivet Pericrocotus roseus
in a special feature. The species texts have been fully updated
amongst a minivet flock in November 2008 during the same
in the majority of cases and are accompanied by distribution
trip (BirdsofBombay). Vaibhav Deshmukh reported an adult
maps. The updated species-per country list can still be found
Imperial Eagle Aquila heliaca near Alibag, Maharashtra on 25th
here and the threats to each species are graphically presented
November 2008 (BirdsofBombay). Three European Rollers
Coracias garrulus were photographed in Uran, near Mumbai by
The ‘Rare birds yearbook’ is a “Species Champion” which
Girish Vaze on 25th October 2008 (http://indianaturewatch.net).
means that a considerable share of sale-proceeds goes to
Pratap Singh Sangwan reported a Spotted Creeper Salpornis
saving the birds it covers. (http://www.rarebirdsyearbook.com.).
spilonotus from Ranthambore on 24th December 2008 (Delhibird). And to cap it all, Sayam U. Chowdhury reported the exciting
news of the sighting of eight Spoon-billed Sandpipers
David Stanton reported an exciting encounter with a juvenile
Eurynorhynchus pygmeus, during Asian Waterbird Census, at
Great Frigatebird Fregetta minor on 23rd August 2008 while
Beleka Dia in Sonadia Island, Bangladesh on 29th January 2009
paragliding around Anjuna beach, Goa (OrientalBirding). Sachin
Shurpali reported a single White-bellied Sea Eagle Haliaeetusleucogaster in July 2008, from deep inland area of Bhadra
Travancore–Cochin Survey: tracing the footsteps of Dr. Sálim
Reservoir in Bhadra Tiger Reserve, Karnataka (BngBirds).
Santosh Martin and friends reported a juvenile Great Indian
Following in the footsteps of Dr Sálim Ali, who surveyed birds
Bustard Ardeotis nigriceps alongside an adult at Siruguppa taluk
in Kerala for the first time 75 years ago, Kerala Forest and
of Bellary district, northern Karnataka on 23rd July 2008,
Wildlife Department and Kerala State Biodiversity Board are
indicating possible breeding around that area (BngBirds). Sumit
joining hands in undertaking a repeat bird survey in 2009.
Sen and others reported a Steppe Buzzard Buteo buteo vulpinus
In 1933, it was the Maharaja of the erstwhile Travancore
from Bhutan in November 2008 at over 3,353 m. They believe
State who initiated the scientific survey of the birds and their
Indian Birds Vol. 4 No. 4 (July–August 2008)
habitats in the State with the involvement of the Bombay
International agreements for bird conservation
Natural History Society (BNHS). Dr Sálim Ali led the survey
In an attempt to plug the weak link of conserving migratory
with the assistance of the then curator of the
birds that are trans-continental, an international agreement
Thiruvananthapuram Zoo N. G. Pillai. They started the survey
have been framed to ensure all nations rally together in the
on 3rd January 1933, and completed it on 31st December of
conservation of migratory birds of prey and owls. Strong
international measures to protect over 70 species of migratory
This repeat survey is planning to do exactly what Dr Ali did,
birds of prey and owls were agreed on 22nd October 2008 at
sticking to the same dates, periodicity of survey and localities
Abu Dhabi. The new measures will help protect migratory
of observation, but using all modern gadgetry and field
raptors from threats such as habitat loss and degradation,
techniques. Lead by C. Sashikumar, the survey team consists
persecution, accidental killing, and climate change. Following
of five full time project staff to study ornithology, vegetation
a joint initiative by the governments of the United Arab Emirates
and sociological aspects of the study area.
and United Kingdom, a Memorandum of Understanding has
The survey, which began on 3rd January at Marayur shall
been drawn up that will coordinate the protection of migratory
end on 31st December 2009. The idea is to compare the findings
birds of prey and owls found in Europe, Africa and Asia. This
of 1933 and the situation 75 years later, to study the changes
important agreement will help ensure that migratory birds of
that have come about in the various parameters of bird
prey and owls, including some of the world’s most charismatic
life and their habitats in Kerala. More details can be gleaned
and threatened species, have a safer passage during their
h t t p : / / w w w. h i n d u . c o m / 2 0 0 9 / 0 1 / 0 1 / s t o r i e s /
epic annual journeys. More news can be found at http://
www.birdlife.org/news/news/2008/10/cms_mou2.html.
House Sparrow in airportsAre House Sparrow Passer domesticus numbersreally going down? As if to add fuel to thisdilemma, House Sparrows have colonised manyairports around the country. News started tospread from their presence in the newlyconstructed Bangalore International Airport,which triggered a lot of reaction countrywide, ine-groups, about their strong presence at otherairports like Hyderabad and Mangalore. Varioushypotheses were floating around on how theyfind such surroundings easy to adjust to whileseemingly having trouble holding on to busy cityenvirons. Speculation also floated around on thepossible nuisance their presence creates forairport authorities and the fear that theauthorities might take drastic measures thatwould prompt sparrows to abandon the airports. However, birding groups have gone further andare now appealing to make a pair of HouseSparrows as the logo of BIAL airport inBangalore (BngBirds, TamilBirds, BirdsofBombay).
Tracking Bar-headed Geese migration usingsatellite telemetryLast year we had the whole world tracking Black-tailed Godwits Limosa limosa in the Pacific throughInternet, later we had two Black Storks Ciconianigra closer home in Maharashtra. In January2009, we now have over 60 migratory ducks andgeese with transmitters marked in Tamil Naduand Orissa as a part of multi-nationalcooperation in studying wild birds and avianinfluenza. All of them could be tracked daily overthe Internet from the following website: http://www.werc.usgs.gov/sattrack/india/overallmaps.html. The study of the non-breeding (wintering)grounds for waterfowl allows identification ofareas where a broad range of speciescongregate. These sites of spatial overlap in
migratory flyways are associated with a highdensity of bird species providing conditions that
might be conducive to the transmission and
Fig. 1. Malabar Trogon Harpactes fasciatus.
Indian Birds Vol. 4 No. 4 (July–August 2008)
Land Shortage and Open Landscapes Israel has been suffering from a severe land shortage. While relatively small in size, the rapid growth of its population and the fact that land is used in a wasteful way, pose a real threat upon any remaining open land in the country. Unfortunately, without proper attention, this threat could prove irreversibly destructive to Israel’s Open spaces ar
ACTO O NEGOCIO JURÍDICO. CUESTIÓN DE TÉRMINOS1 Waldo Núñez Molina* Por razones de tiempo debo renunciar a una detallada explicación de las teorías, desarrollo ideológico y los conceptos anexos que motivan la aparición del acto y negocio jurídico2. Pero ello a lo mejor sea saludable, en la medida que nos permitirá aportar mayor claridad al tema; la cual seguramente es virt