Health Matters: Don’t Jump Hit your big toe with a hammer and you will have some idea how gout feels. The funny thing about gout pain (funny in the same sense as a public beheading) is that it is not caused by an injury, but by the immune system. “Why”, you ask, “would anyone’s immune system want to create something like a gout attack?” Well, it is probably a mistake. Let’s look at the biology of gout. People with gout have too much uric acid. Uric acid is a waste product. It is made when your body metabolizes DNA from the animals that you eat; cow, turkey, pig, the neighbor’s cat. Your cells are just slobs and they throw the uric acid into your blood steam and walk away. Eventually it ends up at the kidneys, which I like to think of as the sewer of the body; it’s the romantic in me. They filter out the uric acid through structure called the “nephron” (Latin for “stinky sewer tube”). But sometimes they don’t filter out enough and it accumulates. When too much accumulates, it forms little crystals inside of joints. For some reason your white blood cells go monkey nuts and attack these crystals. The result is terrible inflammation and pain. There is also a lot of damage done to the joint cartilage. Ultimately this leads to arthritis. Skin too can be damaged by uric acid and it can cause kidney stones, yes, right in the stinky sewer tubes themselves. One good thing about gout (good in the sense of three public beheadings) is that it is pretty easy to diagnose. Usually the joint affected is the big toe. It turns bright red, swells, becomes hot, and hurts really badly. You will not want to move the joint at all. Who gets gout? It tends to be more of a problem for men, older people, people with high blood pressure, diabetes, over weight people, and people who consume lots of meat, seafood, fructose corn syrup, and alcohol, and it can also be triggered by an injury to the joint. A bad plan would be to eat shrimp, beer, shrimp, beer, shrimp, beer, while kicking the wall, if you are prone to gout, otherwise it is just fine. In treating gout you basically have three choices. You can change to the perfect diet, take a medication to reduce the amount of uric acid in your body, or give up and jump from the 30th floor. I suppose you could combine these choices as well, such as jumping from the 30th floor while eating a perfect diet. Dietary changes help, but they usually don’t resolve the problem. One of the best treatments for gout is a medication called allopurinol (coincidentally another Latin word for “stinky sewer tube”). This medication works by stopping the production of uric acid. Over time, quite a long time, uric acid levels in the body decrease. When they reach the magic number of 6, gout attacks dramatically decrease or stop altogether. This is a great day and all of the slob cells rejoice and then go right back to throwing uric acid into the blood, so it is important to keep taking the allopurinol. Using allopurinol is tricky, because starting allopurinol can trigger a gout attack and so can stopping it. That is ironic, or paradoxical, or coincidental . I don’t know, but the mantra for allopurinol is to keep it steady. To prevent a gout flare up when starting allopurinol, another medicine is usually used along with it for a while. Gout is treatable. You don’t have to jump.
RASMUSSON V. SMITHKLINE BEECHAM CORP.: ENABLEMENT UNDER 35 U.S.C. § 112, FIRST PARAGRAPH In an important pharmaceutical related case looking at the enablement requirement under 35 U.S.C. §112, first paragraph, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (“CAFC”) in Rasmusson v. SmithKline Beecham Corp. , 04-1191 (Interference No. 104,646), held that a patent specifi
September-December 2012; Vol 10 (No.3);244-250 Acute monoarthritis & mono articular rheumatoid arthritis ¡ Case Report Diagnostic dialemma in diagnosing acute monoarthritis and mono articular rheumatoid arthritis of right elbow in a 24 year old young lady P Chaudhary1, B P Shrestha1, G P Khanal1, R Rijal1, N K Karn1, R Maharjan1, A K Sinha21Department of Orthopaedics, 2Departm
Health Matters: Don’t Jump